Comments
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MD KURBAN@ 2:20pm 03-24-2013
College/Institute and Class SURENDRANATH EVENING COLLEGE, 1st year ELTA
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What are the disadvantages of the schottky diode? Mention its application.
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Replied on: 3:17pm 04-05-2013
Schottky diodes can be switched on and off much faster than ordinary p-n diodes (look up the terms 'charge storage' and 'reverse recovery time' in p-n junctions to know why). Hence they find use in high frequuency applications like in rectifying high frequency signals and in high speed switching circuits used in digital computers.
The cut-in voltage of a Si Schottky diode is about 0.2 V compared to 0.7 V of an ordinary diode. Because of this such diodes are also used in low-voltage rectifiers in power supplies.
As regards disadvantages,for the same applied reverse bias, the reverse current in the Schottky diode is much greater than in the ordinary diode. The breakdown voltage of Schottky diodes is also much less than ordinary diodes. The PIV (Peak Inverse Voltage) ratings of such diodes is also less.
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EJAZ AHMED@ 10:22pm 03-23-2013
College/Institute and Class SURENDRATH EVENING COLLEGE Ist year ELTA
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If the biasing voltage is the same, will the same current flow under both forward and revese bias conditions? If not why?
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Replied on: 10:42pm 04-05-2013
You did not specify the type of diode. Assuming you meant an ordinary p-n diode, if the magnitude of the biasing voltage is very small, the magnitude of the current, though small, would indeed be almost equal for the forward and reverse biased situations. This follows from Shockley's equation for the diode.
However, as the magnitude of the biasing voltage is increased, marked variations are noticable for the forward and reverse characteristics, which you must be familiar with. In the forward biased case, the forward current starts to increase once the voltage exceeds the cutin voltage (~0.7V for Si) whreas in the reverse biased case, the reverse current starts to increase rapidly once the breakdown voltage (which is much higher, say 50V or higher) is exceeded.
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Souma Dutta@ 10:07am 03-14-2013
College/Institute and Class Asutosh college,2nd year
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How can i identify if the mosfet is bad or not?
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Replied on: 7:12pm 03-21-2013
The MOSFET is usually destroyed by static charges which accumulate on the metallic gate and lead to high voltages which exceed the Gate to Source breakdown voltage, leading to shorting of the insulating SiO2 layer and conduction of current through it. As a result a milliammeter would record a gate current > 0 unlike the normal case, where due to the very high input impedance of the device, the gate current is essentially zero.
Two back-to-back zener diodes are often used in series to clamp the voltage between the gate and source to a level less than the breakdown value.
You may refer Boylstead Nashelsky's book.
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MD KURBAN@ 10:38am 03-13-2013
College/Institute and Class Surendranath Evening College
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The barrier potential across a p-n junction diode cannot be measured by placing a voltmeter across the diode terminals. Explain Why?
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Replied on: 7:00pm 03-21-2013
The barrier potential across the p-n junction is a contact potential between two semiconductor regions which, when the junction is unbiased (i.e. no voltage source is connected between the p and n regions), is exactly nullified by the sum of two other contact potentials which develop across the two (ohmic) metal-semiconductor contacts (between the p region and the metal wire connecting one of the voltmeter terminals and the n region and the metal wire connecting the other voltmeter terminal).
Refer Millman Halkius' or Streetman's books for better understanding.
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EJAZ AHMED@ 8:44pm 03-04-2013
College/Institute and Class SURENDRANATH EVENING COLLEGE
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How does the free electrone concentration increase over the intrinsic value in an n-type semiconductor? Will the hole concentration remain constant at the intrinsic value? If not, why?
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Replied on: 1:20am 03-12-2013
An n-type semiconductor is doped with pentavalent impurity atoms,each of which contributes a free electron to the host semiconductor. Since the doping concentration can be made very high, many such extrinsic free electrons can be made available.
Thus the number of free electrons per unit volume (n) can become much larger than the intrinsic concentration of free electrons (ni).
Now quite a few of the free electrons recombine with the intrinsic holes (there are no extrinsic holes in an n-type semiconductor).
As a result, at equilibrium, there is a net decrease in the hole concentration and an equal increase in the free electron concentration compared to their intrinsic values. This ensures that mass action law is satisfied..i.e. np=constant where the constant equals ni^2=pi^2 for the same semiconductor prior to doping.
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EJAZ AHMED @ 9:35pm 02-27-2013
College/Institute and Class Surendranath Evening College
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Sir, How a semiconductor diode can be used as a rectifier?
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Replied on: 1:06am 03-12-2013
This is a very basic question which must have been discussed by your teacher teaching the topic. You should also look up your text book (any book on basic electronics, for that matter!).
In any case, to understand the answer to yopur question, picturize the V-I characteristic of a forward and reverse biased p-n diode in your mind. What do you see from the graph? Under forward bias, the current increases exponentially (well almost!). Under reverse bias, negligible current flows.
When the diode is connected to an ac source through a resistor in series, for (almost) half the a.c cycle the diode is forward biased and hence conducts current. For the remaining half-cycle, the diode is reverse biased and hence is cut-off, implying no current flows through it. Since the resistor is connected in series with the diode, the current in the resistor has the same relationship with the input a.c signal. If the voltage across the resistor (V=IR) is now plotted with respect to time, you would observe the halve-wave rectifier output waveform one comes across in the text-books.
Full-wave rectifiers use two or more diodes to achieve current flow in both the a.c cycles, but in the same direction.
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EJAZ AHMED@ 3:35pm 02-27-2013
College/Institute and Class Surendranath Evening College
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Sir I request you, if possible please bring the ELTA question papers of 2011 and 2012 in our next class. Because the ten years question papers are not available in the market.
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Replied on: 1:22am 03-12-2013
As I told you before, you need to take the help of your seniors in matters such as these.
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EJAZ AHMED@ 7:51pm 02-25-2013
College/Institute and Class Surendranath Evening College
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Sir our all college tests are over today. I want to ask you that when will college started for our electronics classes?
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Replied on: 12:15pm 02-27-2013
1st Year Test examinations in other subjects are still on and would be over on 1st March..have a look at the college notice.We would resume formal classes on 2nd March, since as you all know, it is difficult to have the department kept open during such periods.
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Goutam Das@ 10:41pm 01-29-2013
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Sir please help me to debug this program to find the roots by Newton-Raphson method.. The program is given below..
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
main()
{
int i;
float x0,x1;
float f(float x),fpr( float x);
printf ("Enter the value of root for trial solution: ");
scanf ("%lf",&x0);
for(i=1; i<=1000; i++)
{
x1= x0-f(x0)/fpr(x0);
if (fabs(x0-x1)<0.001)
{
break;
}
printf("x0=%f x1=%f",x0,x1);
x0=x1;
}
printf("The root is: %f",x1);
}
float f(float z)
{
float g;
g= z*z - 25.0;
return(g);
}
float fpr(float z)
{
float gpr;
gpr = 2*z;
return(gpr);
}
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Replied on: 2:06pm 01-30-2013
x0 is declared to be of type float..so use %f instead of %lf in the scanf statement
You have used ANSI prototype declaration of functions f and fpr..if they are not supported by your compiler, try out the old methods..
float f(), fpr(); // function declaration
float f(z)
float z;
{
...
}
float fpr(z)
float z;
{
...
}
Show me the programs in the class.
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Joy Goswami@ 7:31pm 11-24-2012
College/Institute and Class BE 7th sem.,Jorhat Engineering College,Jorhat,Assam
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I am really impressed by your teaching methodology... Thanks a lot!
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Goutam Das@ 11:12pm 10-31-2012
College/Institute and Class snec
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Sir, please give any information about the circular for the INC results. All Students of asutosh college have already filled up their circular form on 31st october. Please help.
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Replied on: 11:00am 12-02-2012
I had posted a note on my home page www.abhipod.bravehost.com
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SWARUP MUKHERJEE@ 12:28am 10-05-2012
College/Institute and Class SCIENCE COLLEGE ,RAJABAZAR
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SIR,i'm in 1st yr of b.tech in ee,at rajabazar sc.colg .In future if i wish to become a professor at a engg colg. then how should i proceed and what is the way of amisssion to m.tech at sc. college ?
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Replied on: 10:57am 12-02-2012
Well, you must appear in the GATE examination and strive to obtain a good score. Being qualified in the NET (or SET) examination may also help you stand out from the crowd. Some institues may require you to have an M.Tech degree or even a PhD degree. In any case, faculty are encouraged to obtain these degrees even after joining if they do not have them at the outset. Your performance in the semester examinations will also be considered, so do not neglect your studies. And finally a good performance at the interview will always be needed. Chances are that you would be tested more on the fundamentals than on the intricate aspects of the topics studied in your B.Sc/M.Sc./BTech/MTech.
As for your second question, I am sure your professors and seniors would be able to help you.
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ABDULLAH ZIA@ 3:34pm 09-27-2012
College/Institute and Class AJC BOSE COLLEGE
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Why is the electrical conductivity of a pure semi conductor increases with increase in temperature?
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Replied on: 11:12am 12-02-2012
In a pure or intrinsic semiconductor, the free electrons and holes are created in pairs when valency electrons gain thermal energy from the surroundings (T being > 0 degrees Kelvin), break covalent bonds and overcome the band-gap to reach the conduction band where they become free to partake in conduction. In the process they leave behind holes in the valency band. As the temperature is increased, valency electrons lying deeper in the valency band, also gain sufficient energy to cross the band gap, as a result of which the concentration of free electrons and holes increases.
The electrical conductivity is proportional to the concentration of free electrons (n_i) and holes (p_i). Note that n_i=p_i since the free-electrons and holes are created in pairs. So as temperature rises, n_i or p_i rise, which in turn increases the conductivity and also the current.
In this context it would do you good to recollect the relevant expressions for electrical conductivity (sigma), current density (J) and the intrinsic carrier concentration (n_i) (refer Streetman's or Millman Halkius' book)
sigma=n|e|mu_n + p|e|mu_p (for intrinsic semiconductor n=n_i=p=p_i)
J=sigma*electric-field.
n_i^2=const*T^3*exp(-E_/(KT))
Note that as T increases, not only does the exponential term decay more slowly, but also T^3 term increases faster, the net result being an increase in n_i.
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KaustaviRayChaudhuri@ 10:37am 07-28-2012
College/Institute and Class ASUTOSH COLLEGE,first year
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sir,i want private tutors or coaching centres' names regarding study of electronics honours,maths (general) & physics (general).
SIR,DO YOU DO PRIVATE TUTIONS?
PLEASE REFER ME TEACHERS ON THE ABOVE SUBJECTS
my name is Kaustavi Ray Chaudhuri
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Replied on: 10:51am 07-31-2012
Sorry to dissapoint you in this regard!
You are however free, like everybody, to post your questions on my open guestbook on any academic topic. I will try to help if I can. Also, do visit my portal: www.abhipod.com, where you will find notes on many topics. You might suggest the names of other topics too which may be included.
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Goutam Das@ 11:57pm 07-24-2012
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Sir,
I went to the college but there was not such notice about starting of the class of 3rd year. May we start classes from the next week?
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Replied on: 10:40am 07-31-2012
I haven't come across any notice either! We may start to take classes informally..you need to come to college to know the schedule.
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